How to shape your P&L

As I extensively explained in my book La cuenta de resultados, every entrepreneur has to design its own P&L, because the P&L is the most powerful tool in management hands.

Just as a reminder, here is an example of a quite personalized P&L structure:

Gross sales

- Devolutions

- Discounts

= Net sales

- Product direct costs

= Product gross margin

- Commercial sales cost

- Logistics sales cost

= Global gross margin (or net margin)

- Operations structural costs

- Support structural costs

- Marketing costs

= Results from operations (EBITDA)

+/- Financial income or costs

- Amortization

= Ordinary results

+/- Extraordinary income or costs

= Income before taxes

- Taxes

= Net income

As I explain in my book, the P&L structure has to be adapted to the company organization and strategy. There are not to equal P&L because there are not to equal companies.

I hope this helps my readers to understand the importance of the P&L and the need of a good and personalized design.